ELETRONIC VOTING: Arguments Against

SOURCE/LINK: http://cs.stanford.edu/people/eroberts/cs201/projects/2006-07/electronic-voting/index_files/page0002.html

ELETRONIC VOTING

Arguments Against

Voting has progressed in technology from traditional days when voters dropped votes marked on a shell, shard of pottery, or card into a box to the current days where voting is controlled by electronics and the processes leading to the vote remain unseen to the human eye. Despite the change in method of voting, the basic facets of good voting tactics remain the same: ensuring one vote per voter, maintaining voter anonymity, accuracy of vote, security of the system, and prevention of fraud.

This is where the problem lies in many arguments against electronic voting � opponents do not feel that the voting basics can be maintained in an electronic voting system. The arguments have been divided into 3 general categories of complaints: issues with the technology, vast possibilities of fraud, and protection of voters and their votes.

As Bruce Schneier describes it, technology adds more steps to the process and thus increases the possibility of error with each additional step, all of which are largely unseen by the voter. Put Murphy�s Law of �whatever can go wrong, will go wrong� into play, and one can surmise that technology will most likely falter. Not only does the technology create more errors in the electronic workings, but the voters can also commit mistakes due to confusion with the user interface. The terminology is confusing, different machines produce different interfaces, and even the audio guides to help the disabled may prove more confusing than helpful.

With the advent of electronic machine voting also comes the higher possibilities of fraudulent machines and practices. First of all, the technology is �black box software,� meaning that the public is not allowed access into the software that controls the voting machines. Although companies protect their software to protect against fraud (and to beat back competition), this also leaves the public with no idea of how the voting software works. It would be simple for the company to manipulate the software to produce fraudulent results. Also, the vendors who market the machines are in competition with each other, and there is no guarantee that they are producing the machines in the best interest of the voters and the accuracy of the ballots.

Lastly, vote accuracy is also an issue, because voters have no way of confirming there vote, and there is also no way of conducting a recount with direct-recording electronic (DRE) voting. With DRE, there is no paper trail, no verification, and thus no scrutiny of the processes. Voter anonymity is also a problem. Voters have to provide much of their personal information to the systems for voter verification, and with that comes the problem of keeping voter information safe and keeping voters anonymous.

The cons against electronic voting laid out here are only some of the arguments against electronic voting. However, they are a good reflection of the ethical and technical concerns related to the issue of electronic voting.
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domingo, 12 de abril de 2015

CHECK OUT AP "Cities Throughout Brazil Protest Against President Rousseff" AND OTHER NEWS

SOURCE/LINK: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/04/12/brazil-rousseff-impeachment_n_7050818.html
Cities Throughout Brazil Protest Against President Rousseff
AP |  By JENNY BARCHFIELD and ADRIANA GOMEZ LICON
Posted: 04/12/2015 4:58 pm EDT Updated: 04/12/2015 5:59 pm EDT
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RIO DE JANEIRO (AP) — Anti-government demonstrators began streaming into the streets of cities throughout Brazil on Sunday to demand the impeachment of President Dilma Rousseff.

It was the second such day of protests in less than a month and comes as polls show Rousseff entering the fourth month of her second term in office with historically low approval ratings amid a massive corruption scandal at the state-run oil company, Petrobras, as well as a spluttering economy, a rapidly depreciating currency and political infighting.
Helicopter television images showed demonstrators, many of them dressed in the yellow and green colors of the Brazilian flag and brandishing placards reading "Dilma Out," congregating in the capital, Brasilia, in the northeastern cities of Salvador and Belem and in Belo Horizonte in central Brazil.

Demonstrators protest against the government of Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff at Copacabana beach in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil on April 12, 2015. (Photo: YASUYOSHI CHIBA/AFP/Getty Images)
In Rio de Janeiro, a protest along the golden sands of Copacabana drew several hundred people, a far cry from the several thousand-strong turnout here last month.
Demonstrations were expected later in Brazil's economic capital, Sao Paulo, where more than 200,000 people turned out for the last round of protests. The March 15 rally was among the biggest in Sao Paulo since demonstrations in 1984 demanding the end of the military dictatorship.
The protest movement has been organized, mostly via social media, by a motley assortment of groups. Most call for Rousseff's impeachment, but they are joined by others with demands ranging from a military coup to looser gun control laws. The groups say demonstrations were expected in as many as 400 towns and cities across this continent-sized nation.


Demonstrators take part in a protest against the government of president Dilma Rousseff in Porto Alegre, Brazil on 12 April, 2015. (Photo credit: JEFFERSON BERNARDES/AFP/Getty Images)
The size of Sunday's turnout could determine the future of the campaign to impeach Rousseff, whose Workers' Party is embroiled in a massive corruption scandal at the state-run oil giant Petrobras. Many analysts say the movement could crumble if organizers fail to deliver crowds as big as last month's.
Carlos Lopes, a political risk analyst at Brasilia office of the Insituto Analise consultancy, said "Sunday's demonstration faces a big problem, which is one of comparison."
"If it doesn't (match the size of the March 15 protests), people will be less inclined take part in future demonstrations and the movement toward large-scale rallies will begin to fizzle out," he said in a telephone interview.
One Brazilian president, Fernando Collor de Mello, who was accused of corruption by his own brother, has been impeached since Brazil's return to democracy in 1985, but many legal experts have said that Rousseff could only be impeached if evidence emerges directly linking her to crimes committed during her second term, which began in January.
Still, a survey released Saturday by the Folha de S.Paulo daily found that 63 percent of Brazilians surveyed supported impeachment proceedings against Rousseff, while 33 percent opposed them. The same poll, by the respected Datafolha polling agency, showed Rousseff's approval ratings holding steady, with 13 percent of respondents giving her a great or good rating while 60 percent of respondents evaluated her performance as bad or terrible. The survey of 2,834 people in 171 municipalities was conducted on Thursday and Friday. It had a margin of error of plus or minus 2 percentage points.
Much of the ire of protesters on Sunday focused on the Petrobras scandal. Prosecutors say at least $800 million was paid in bribes and other funds by the nation's biggest construction and engineering firms in exchange for inflated Petrobras contracts.

A dummy of former Brazilian President (2003-2011) Luiz Inacio Da Silva is punched by a demonstrator as other rally along Paulista Avenue against the government of Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff along Paulista Avenue in Sao Paulo, Brazil on April 12, 2015. (Photo credit: NELSON ALMEIDA/AFP/Getty Images)
Several top executives and former lawmakers have been detained and the attorney general is investigating dozens of other congressmen and officials for alleged connections to the scheme, which apparently began in 1997, before Rousseff's party took power in 2003.
Rousseff, a former chairwoman of Petrobras' board, has not been implicated and so far is not being investigated, though two of her former chiefs of staff are caught up in the inquiry.
In 2013, more than a million people took to the streets in a single day to protest against the high cost of living, poor public schools and hospitals and lavish government spending on sporting events like last year's World Cup soccer tournament and the 2016 Olympic games in Rio.
While the 2013 demonstrations were marred by widespread police violence against protesters, this year's demonstrations have been largely peaceful.
MORE:
Dilma RousseffDilma Rousseff ImpeachmentPresident Dilma RousseffBrazil Protests 2013Brazil RousseffBrazil Protests ImpeachmentRousseff Brazil ImpeachmentRousseff Brazil DemonstrationsBrazil
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SOURCE/LINK: http://edition.cnn.com/2015/04/12/americas/brazil-protests/


Protesters in Brazil push to impeach President Dilma Rousseff
From Shasta Darlington, CNN

SOURCE/LINK: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a-sifyAZ5WY




Updated 0410 GMT (1110 HKT) April 13, 2015



Brazilians protest, demand President's impeachement 02:08
Story highlights
·          Police say 275,000 demonstrators marched in Sao Paulo
·         Many want President Dilma Rousseff to be impeached
·         A corruption scandal has implicated politicians in her party
Sao Paulo, Brazil (CNN)Throngs of protesters packed the streets of major Brazilian cities on Sunday, pushing for the impeachment of President Dilma Rousseff.
Fueled by mounting anger over a corruption scandal that has implicated politicians in Rousseff's party, demonstrators chanted "Out with Dilma" and "Time for change."
Police estimated that 275,000 demonstrators marched in Sao Paulo. A sea of protesters dressed in the green and yellow of the Brazilian flag used decades-old rallying cries to fire up their ranks, singing rock songs that date back to protests of the country's one-time military dictatorship.
It's the second day of nationwide anti-government demonstrations in less than a month. And protesters vowed that it wouldn't be the last.
READ: Why are Brazilians so angry?

Brazil protesters to Rousseff: Get out 13 photos
Brazil is heading into a recession again this year, inflation is up and the currency is at a 12-year low.
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7 of 13

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SOURCE/LINK:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GTsVPg948RM


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